Effects of Illumination Angle and Different Light Sources on Acousto-Optic-based Sensing of Focused Ultrasound

Mohammadreza Omidali orcid (Login required)
University of Oulu, Finland

Triana Rahayu
University of Oulu, Finland

Zuomin Zhao
University of Oulu, Finland

Sadegh Moradi
University of Oulu, Finland

Teemu Myllylä
University of Oulu, Finland


Paper #9163 received 1 Sep 2024; revised manuscript received 25 Oct 2024; accepted for publication 25 Oct 2024; published online 5 Dec 2024.

DOI: 10.18287/JBPE24.10.040313

Abstract

The acousto-optic (AO) effect, characterized by the deflection and modulation of photons by ultrasound, is currently being explored to a certain degree. AO could bring together advantages of optics and acoustics particularly addressing the challenges of spatially accurate deep tissue optical sensing that arise from light scattering. Moreover, AO-based monitoring technique could offer valuable insights into the effects of focused ultrasound (FUS) in its therapeutic applications. This paper investigates different light sources (coherents and noncoherent) for use in AO. In particular, we compare tagging efficiency detected in the context of AO signal amplitude. Additionally, the impact of adjusting the angle of the light source to optimize light penetration into the focal area is examined. Experiments were performed in both transmission and reflection modes utilizing AO phantom models, with a primary emphasis on reflection mode. The findings reveal that coherent light sources produce larger but has greater standard deviation in AO signal, while light emitting diodes (LED) yield comparatively stable signals. Additionally, results from reflection mode experiments indicate an enhancement of AO signals by as much as 40% when the angle of coherent sources is adjusted from perpendicular to 45° within a phantom that simulates the optical characteristics of the average human brain.

Keywords

focused ultrasound; tagging efficiency optimization; acousto optic sensing; laser diode and LEDs; coherence & non-coherence light

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